When buying, selling or performing routine maintenance on a home with a slab, it’s important to be able to identify damaged and/or future problem areas. The slab is the base upon which the entire structure sits, and any defects can lead to significant, costly repairs down the road. At Smith & Smith Home Inspections, we specialize in identifying these issues, which can save homeowners from unexpected expenses and give peace of mind.

Here’s a guide on how to inspect a slab for defects, with tips and insights from our experienced team of inspectors here in Murfreesboro, TN.

1. Understand the Types of Foundations and Common Defects

Before starting your inspection, it’s important to know what you’re looking for. There are different types of foundations used in home construction:

• Slab-on-grade: A single, thick layer of concrete poured directly on the ground. Common in homes built in areas where the ground doesn’t freeze.
• Crawl Space: A raised floor structure with a crawl space beneath it, which is typical in homes where the soil conditions or local climate dictate a different approach.

The most common defects associated with slabs include:

• Cracks: Surface cracks can occur from normal settling or changes in the ground, but larger or more severe cracks may indicate a deeper issue, such as foundation movement or soil instability.
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• Uneven flooring: If your floors are noticeably sloped or bumpy, it could be a sign of shifting or sinking in the slab.
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• Moisture issues: Dampness or visible water damage on the floor can signal a moisture problem coming from the slab, which might indicate drainage issues or even plumbing leaks under the slab.
• Popping or bulging: This can happen if moisture or pressure underneath the slab causes the concrete to lift.

2. Visual Inspection: Check for Cracks and Shifting

Start your inspection by walking around the exterior and interior of the home. Look for visible signs of cracks in the floor or foundation. Be sure to check the following:

• Cracks in the slab: Small, hairline cracks are common, but larger cracks (wider than 1/8 inch) or diagonal cracks should be cause for concern. These may be signs of foundation settling or soil movement.
• Uneven floors: Roll a ball or marbles across the floor in different areas to see if they roll unevenly. This can help you spot slight slopes or shifts in the slab that are not immediately visible to the eye.
• Cracks around doors and windows: If you notice doors or windows that stick, don’t close properly, or have gaps, it could be a sign that the foundation is shifting.

3. Examine the Exterior for Signs of Settlement

Step outside and carefully inspect the foundation and surrounding area. Look for the following:

• Cracks in the exterior walls: Horizontal or stair-step cracks can indicate significant foundation movement. Vertical cracks, while not always a cause for concern, should be monitored.
• Gaps between the slab and exterior walls: If you notice any noticeable gaps or separations between the slab and the walls, it could be a sign of slab movement.
• Low spots in the yard or standing water: Poor drainage around the foundation can lead to water pooling near the slab, which may cause the concrete to shift, crack, or erode over time. Ensure that the ground slopes away from the foundation to prevent water damage.

4. Check for Moisture and Water Damage

Excess moisture under the slab can lead to serious structural issues, including slab cracking, mold, or mildew growth. Inspect for the following:

• Visible moisture: Dampness on the floor, especially in crawl spaces, can be a sign of water intrusion under the slab. If you notice this, check the perimeter of the home for poor drainage or standing water.
• Musty odors: A musty smell in certain areas of the home may indicate mold or moisture problems beneath the slab, often due to poor ventilation or water leaks.
• Water stains: Look for water stains on walls, floors, or near plumbing fixtures. These stains could point to leaks from pipes beneath the slab or from poor waterproofing during the original construction.

5. Investigate Plumbing Issues

Plumbing lines often run under or through slabs, and leaks can sometimes go unnoticed until significant damage has occurred. Here are some ways to check for potential plumbing issues:

• Listen for running water: If you’re hearing the sound of running water when none is in use, it could be a sign of a hidden plumbing leak beneath the slab.
• Check water meter readings: If you suspect a leak, check your water meter when no water is being used in the house. If the meter continues to run, it’s a good indication that there’s a leak somewhere—potentially beneath the slab.
• Look for damp patches on floors: Localized wet spots on floors, especially around plumbing fixtures, can signal a plumbing leak under the slab.

6. Consider the Age and Type of Construction

When inspecting your slab, consider the age of the home and the construction methods used. Older homes may have concrete slabs that have shifted or cracked over time. Certain regions, including parts of Tennessee, may also have expansive soils (clay), which can shift or swell depending on moisture content and impact the foundation.

If your home was built in the past 20 years, you may also have a post-tensioned slab, a type of reinforced slab that uses tensioned cables to prevent cracks. These slabs tend to perform better under shifting soil conditions, but they still need to be inspected for signs of tension cable failure.

7. Professional Inspection

While you can perform a basic inspection of the slab yourself, it’s always a good idea to hire a professional home inspector—like the team at Smith & Smith Home Inspections. We use specialized tools and techniques to assess foundation health more accurately, including:

• Leveling equipment: To measure the degree of floor unevenness.
• Moisture meters: To detect hidden moisture in the slab or surrounding materials.
• Infrared thermography: To detect temperature differences that may indicate moisture or air leaks beneath the slab.

Conclusion

Your home’s foundation is essential for its structural integrity, and the concrete slab plays a pivotal role in this. By performing regular inspections and looking for early signs of defects, you can identify issues before they escalate into costly repairs.

If you are buying a house or selling your home, you need a professional home inspection. Contact us at Smith & Smith Home Inspections. We service Murfreesboro, Smyrna, Lebanon, Shelbyville, Manchester, McMinnville, La Vergne, Winchester, Woodbury, Columbia, Nashville or The Greater Middle Tennessee Area, and are committed to providing thorough, accurate, and reliable inspections to help you, your family and your investment.

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Proudly serving Murfreesboro, TN, and the surrounding areas.
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Owning a home is a dream come true for many, but it comes with responsibilities that extend beyond mortgage payments and maintenance. One of the most critical aspects of homeownership is ensuring the safety of your property and loved ones from potential hazards, such as house fires. According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), thousands of house fires occur each year in the United States, with a significant portion of them being preventable. At Smith & Smith Home Inspections in Murfreesboro, TN, we believe that awareness and proactive measures are key to minimizing the risk of fire. Let’s delve into some of the most common causes of house fires and how you can protect your home.

Electrical Malfunctions:

Faulty wiring, overloaded circuits, and old appliances are common culprits behind electrical fires. Signs such as flickering lights, frequently tripped circuit breakers, or outlets that feel warm to the touch should not be ignored. Ensuring your home’s electrical system is up-to-date and not overloaded can significantly reduce the risk of an electrical fire.

Heating Equipment:

During colder months, heating equipment like space heaters, furnaces, and fireplaces become essential. However, they also account for a significant number of house fires, especially if not used correctly. Keep space heaters away from flammable materials, have your furnace inspected annually, and ensure chimneys are cleaned regularly to prevent creosote buildup.

Cooking Incidents:

Cooking is an essential daily activity, but it also poses one of the highest risks for house fires. Leaving cooking unattended, grease buildup, and flammable items near stoves or ovens can easily ignite and lead to a dangerous blaze. It’s crucial always to stay in the kitchen while cooking, use a timer as a reminder, and keep flammable materials away from heat sources.

Smoking Materials:

Carelessly discarded cigarettes, cigars, or other smoking materials are a leading cause of fire deaths in homes. Smoking should be restricted to designated areas outside the home, and proper disposal methods should always be followed to prevent accidental fires.

Candles:

While candles create a cozy ambiance, they can also ignite curtains, furniture, or other flammable items if left unattended. Opt for flameless candles whenever possible, and never leave burning candles in rooms where no one is present.

Flammable Liquids:

Products like gasoline, propane, or even cleaning solvents should be stored in well-ventilated areas away from heat sources. Improper storage or handling of these substances can lead to disastrous consequences.

Children and Pets:

Curious children and playful pets can inadvertently cause fires by tampering with cooking appliances, playing with matches or lighters, or knocking over candles. It’s crucial to educate children about fire safety and keep matches and lighters out of their reach.

Preventive Measures:

At Smith & Smith Home Inspections, we emphasize the importance of fire safety through thorough home inspections and by educating homeowners about potential hazards. Installing smoke detectors on every floor and testing them monthly, having fire extinguishers readily accessible, and creating a fire escape plan are critical steps every household should take.

By understanding these common causes of house fires and taking proactive measures, homeowners can significantly reduce the risk to their property and loved ones. As the best priced home inspector in the Middle Tennessee area, we are committed to helping residents ensure their homes are safe and secure. Contact us today for a comprehensive inspection to identify potential fire hazards and improve the overall safety of your home.

Remember, fire safety is everyone’s responsibility, and being prepared can make all the difference in protecting what matters most. Stay informed, stay vigilant, and stay safe.

Smith & Smith Home Inspections is dedicated to providing thorough home inspections in Murfreesboro, TN and surrounding counties, ensuring your peace of mind and the safety of your home. Email us at tylersmith@smithsmithhomeinspections.com or call 615-605-0370 to schedule your inspection today.

At Smith & Smith Home Inspections of Murfreesboro, TN, we strive to inspect every square foot of your home’s crawl space. Your home’s crawl space might be out of sight, but it’s definitely not out of mind when it comes to protecting your property. Often overlooked, crawl spaces can be susceptible to various issues like moisture, pests, and structural damage if not properly maintained. Thankfully, there are simple steps you can take to safeguard this crucial area of your home. In this post, we’ll explore five easy ways to protect your crawl space and keep your home safe and sound.

• Seal Off Entry Points: One of the primary concerns for crawl spaces is unwanted guests like rodents and insects. These critters can wreak havoc on your home’s foundation and insulation. To prevent them from making themselves at home, start by sealing off entry points. Inspect the perimeter of your crawl space for any cracks, gaps, or openings and seal them using caulk or foam insulation. Pay special attention to areas where pipes, cables, or vents enter your home, as these are common entry points for pests.

• Install a Vapor Barrier: Moisture is another major issue in crawl spaces, leading to mold growth, wood rot, and even structural damage over time. Installing a vapor barrier is an effective way to combat excess moisture. A vapor barrier is a thick plastic sheeting that is laid across the floor of the crawl space to prevent moisture from seeping through the ground and into your home. It also helps to create a barrier against pests and radon gas. Installing a vapor barrier is a relatively simple DIY project that can have a big impact on the health and longevity of your crawl space.
• Improve Ventilation: Proper ventilation is key to maintaining a healthy crawl space environment. Without adequate airflow, moisture can become trapped, leading to a host of problems. To improve ventilation, consider installing vents or a crawl space fan. Vents allow fresh air to circulate through the crawl space, helping to reduce moisture levels and prevent mold growth. A crawl space fan can also help to expel stale air and moisture, keeping the space dry and well-ventilated. Be sure to keep vents clear of debris and vegetation to ensure optimal airflow.
• Monitor Humidity Levels: Monitoring humidity levels in your crawl space is essential for preventing moisture-related issues. Ideally, humidity levels should be kept below 60% to inhibit mold growth and protect wooden structures from rot. You can easily monitor humidity levels using a hygrometer, which is a small device that measures relative humidity. Place a hygrometer in your crawl space and check it regularly to ensure humidity levels are within the recommended range. If humidity levels are consistently high, you may need to take additional steps such as installing a dehumidifier to keep moisture in check.

• Maintain Proper Drainage: Poor drainage around your home can lead to water pooling around the foundation and seeping into the crawl space. To prevent water intrusion, ensure that your home’s exterior is properly graded away from the foundation and that gutters and downspouts are directing water away from the house. Additionally, consider installing a French drain or a sump pump system to help divert excess water away from the crawl space. By maintaining proper drainage, you can reduce the risk of water damage and moisture-related issues in your crawl space.

Protecting your crawl space doesn’t have to be complicated or expensive. By following these five easy steps, you can help safeguard your home against moisture, pests, and other common crawl space problems. Taking the time to properly maintain your crawl space can save you money in the long run by preventing costly repairs and ensuring the health and longevity of your home’s foundation. So don’t wait until problems arise, take proactive steps today to protect your crawl space and enjoy peace of mind knowing that your home is well-protected.

Smith & Smith Home Inspections will document the condition of your crawl space, including defects, areas of neglect and needed upgrades. We provide complete home inspections for home buyer inspections and home seller inspections throughout Murfreesboro, Smyrna, Lebanon, Shelbyville, Manchester, McMinnville, La Vergne, Winchester, Woodbury, Columbia, Nashville & The Greater Middle Tennessee Area. Contact us today to schedule your home inspection, radon test, and/or air quality test with mold analysis report! Our prices are the best around, with superior customer service and same day home inspection reports.

In a home, an electrical panel is the central distribution point for all of the electricity that enters your families’ abode. They are typically installed in utility rooms, garages and basements. An electrical panel is where you will find breaker switches for different appliances and outlets in your home, and allows a homeowner the power to quickly shut down electricity in the event of a power surge or an emergency. These panels have covers that ensure no wires are exposed that could cause electrical shock, and also prevents the internal mechanisms from being exposed to dust, dirt, and moisture. Before you purchase a house, a home inspection should be conducted to look for such things as loose wires, singed wires, double tapped breakers, ground fault circuit interrupter breakers, arc-fault circuit interrupter breakers, and any faulty wiring or short circuits as a result of pest infestation and/or exposure of wires to the elements. Most importantly, when Smith & Smith Home Inspections of Murfreesboro, TN is performing an electrical inspection, I check for recalled panels and breakers. Three of the top recalled electrical panels are Federal Pacific, Zinsco and Challenger.

Federal Pacific

Federal Pacific electric panel with Stab-Lok breakers were installed in homes built between 1950 and 1990. After reports of electrical fires in the 1980s, an investigation revealed that 1 out of 4 Stab-Lok breakers would not trip. In other words, the breakers couldn’t prevent overloading and electrical faults. In 2012, a paper was published that stated that Federal Pacific Stab-Lok breakers could be responsible for 2,800 fires and 13 deaths. When looking to identify a Federal Pacific electrical panel, search for the Federal Pacific or Stab-Lok labels on breakers and the panel. Plus, Federal Pacific circuit breakers have red strips across them.

Zinsco

Zinsco breakers were placed in many homes built in the 1970s. These breakers had design flaws that created fire hazards and electrical shocks. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration published an accident report that stated that an electrical contractor sustained second and third degree burns after an electrical fault happened while working on a Zinsco electric panel. Zinsco breakers can also be linked to thousands of fires in the past 20 years. Zinsco electrical panels can be identified by its brightly-colored pink, yellow, red, blue, and green breakers. Their breakers also appear thinner than modern day breakers.

Challenger

The Challenger electrical panel was released by GTE Corporation in 1973. The Challenger panel was installed in many thousands of homes between the 1980s and 1990s. Due to safety hazards, the Challenger panel was recalled. Homeowners must be aware that some Challenger breakers do not feature their brand name, but have the GTE-Sylvania label instead.

Recent Recall on Square D Panel

Specific QO Plug-On Neutral Load Centers manufactured between February 1, 2020 and January 12, 2022 at Schneider Electric Plant 15 had loose neutral screw connections. If that connection is loose, the affected load center can overheat, posing thermal burn and fire hazards. If you have a Square D electrical panel with a date code that falls between 194871 and 221343, you should request a free inspection from Schneider Electric.

At Smith & Smith Home Inspections, I provide due diligence in finding and informing my clients of all electrical problems observed, whether big or small. We provide home buyer inspections and home seller inspections throughout Murfreesboro, Smyrna, Lebanon, Shelbyville, Manchester, McMinnville, La Vergne, Winchester, Woodbury, Columbia, Nashville & The Greater Middle Tennessee Area. Contact us today to schedule your inspection!